Chapter 19 - Network troubleshooting scenarios. Chapter overview: Introduction to network troubleshooting, incident administration, gathering information, possible causes: Internet router problem, internet communication problem, domain Name System (DNS) failure, local area network (LAN) communication problem, computer configuration problem, user error.

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The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: Some definitions, sockets, byte ordering, address transformation, byte manipulation functions, information about remote host, socket system calls, connectionless iterative server.

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Learning objectives of this chapter include: Understand the architecture of the OSI model, understand the layers of the OSI model and their functions, understand the architecture of the TCP/IP Protocol Suite, differentiate between the OSI model and the TCP/IP Suite, differentiate between the three types of Internet addresses.

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Upon completion you will be able to: Understand the different versions of wired Ethernet, understand wireless Ethernet, understand the types of point-to-point WANs, understand the types of switched WANs, especially ATM, differentiate between repeaters, bridges, routers, and hubs.

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When you finish this chapter, you should: Understand the concept of classless addressing, be able to find the first and last address given an IP address, be able to find the network address given a classless IP address, be able to create subnets from a block of classless IP addresses, understand address allocation and address aggregation.

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The chapter has several objectives: To give a brief history of the Internet; To give the definition of the two often-used terms in the discussion of the Internet: protocol and standard; To categorize standard organizations involved in the Internet and give a brief discussion of each; To define Internet Standards and explain the mechanism through which these standards are developed; to discuss the Internet administration and give a brief...

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Upon completion of this lesson, the successful participant will be able to: Understand the need for ARP, understand the cases in which ARP is used, understand the components and interactions in an ARP package, understand the need for RARP.

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When you finish this chapter, you should: Be able to name and understand the services offered by SCTP, understand SCTP’s flow and error control and congestion control, be familiar with the fields in a SCTP segment, understand the phases in an SCTP association, understand the SCTP state transition diagram.

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In this chapter, you will learn: Understand IPv4 addresses and classes, identify the class of an IP address, find the network address given an IP address, understand masks and how to use them, understand subnets and supernets.

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In this chapter students will be able to: Understand the format and fields of a datagram, understand the need for fragmentation and the fields involved, understand the options available in an IP datagram, be able to perform a checksum calculation, understand the components and interactions of an IP package.

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This chapter describes the delivery and forwarding of IP packets. Delivery refers to the way a packet is handled by the underlying networks under the control of the network layer. Concepts such as direct and indirect delivery are discussed. Forwarding refers to the way a packet is delivered to the next station. We discuss two trends in forwarding: forwarding based on destination address of the packet and forwarding based on the label attached...

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Upon completion you will be able to: Differentiate between a unicast, multicast, and broadcast message; know the many applications of multicasting; understand multicast link state routing and MOSPF; understand multicast link state routing and DVMRP; understand the Core-Based Tree Protocol; understand the Protocol Independent Multicast Protocols; understand the MBONE concept.

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